Rewarding Scholarship Essay Ideas, How To Write

In most cases when students are applying to colleges or universities, they are required to submit an essay. The strength of the essay along with the academic and extracurricular performance can enable the student to win a scholarship. The piece is very important in showing that the applicant achievement was strong enough to qualify for a scholarship. It usually entitles students to some financial aid, money that will be used by the qualified applicant during the studies. Even after completing studies, listing scholarship during job application communicates a lot to potential employers. Therefore, it is vital dedicate enough time to create a perfectly written scholarship essay. What is a Scholarship Essay? Scholarship essay is the type of paper written by a person who is planning to get a scholarship for further studies. It gives the applicants the opportunity to showcase their abilities, strengths, and personalities in a compelling manner. It is always a requirement during the application process as it gives the admission committee a sense of who the applicant is, including goals. The Essay With The Extra Bit You have to be extra good in your scholarship essay. You have to be special. Trust yourself. Be authentic. This type of essay is not that different from other ones. Nevertheless, it is the most important part of your application process. Each organization normally provide their applicants with requirements about the formal structure of the essay. How to Start a Scholarship Essay The first sentence should be one that captures the reader’s attention. It is important to note many people apply for the same scholarship and therefore, stiff competition is inevitable. The reader may not get time to read and digest thoroughly each scholarship essay. Due to the intended competition, the applicant must write an eye-catching introduction that will capture the attention reviewer and give the attention it deserves to be above other applicants. It vital to start writing in your words because starting with a quote is common hence may not work best for a scholarship essay. Beginning with a quote does not tell much about the student’s ideas. Therefore, it is best, to begin with, your words but if a quote is necessary for enhancing an argument, then it can be brought in later. Similarly, it is a need to avoid clichà ©s and old phrases which everyone uses in the article. Since the scholarship committee intends to review a large number of papers, such expressions may become boring and may make the piece to lose taste. Lastly, the applicant should establish a personal connection by giving a story that best fits the topic one is writing about. Use of relevant personal anecdotes can give the story more meaning. Standing out in a pile of relatively standard responses requires a fresh and thought to provoke ideas that contribute to the scholarship application. Create Your Idea Remember: you are presenting yourself and your opinion here. Judging panel looks after uniqueness in style. Be different and loud, but reasonable. The jury looks out for well-founded opinions. You have to show yourself within your scholarship essay. That can be quite challenging. It takes not just a huge amount of time, effort and a well-founded process; it also takes courage and boldness. Thinking your essay misses the boldness? We know how to proof a point and write about it! Scholarship Essay Prompts Scholarship essay requirements usually vary depending on learning type, and they change annually. The topics always vary. However, there are very common essay prompts that can guide one when preparing for any subject that comes on the way. First, personal traits and how they affect your ambitions. The most common prompts in this topic are that it asks the applicant to discuss his abilities and unique traits and then describe how they will help him in future. Some prompts may focus on employment or educational ambitious. Secondly, a prompt may ask one to discuss a historical figure that inspires the student. It gives one to showcase the traits and value that he admires. Thirdly, a prompt may require one to discuss something that the applicant has done that made a difference in the community. Some may ask the applicant to discuss the importance of education. The prompt gives the scholarship committee a chance to evaluate the candidate’s skills, ability, and qualities. Scholarship Essay Questions Scholarship applications may ask questions regarding field study, personal achievements, future goals, financial need, personal achievements, background and influences, and other general topics. In order to test applicant’s problem-solving ability and check knowledge on current issues, the committee often asks questions regarding social issues and current events. Most of the questions are designed to demonstrate student’s motivation, creativity, and vision. The questions also give the opportunity to communicate the abilities and qualities that one may need to showcase. Some of the common scholarship essay questions include questions in a field of specialization and academic plans. These questions are used to determine how well the applicant knows his area of expertise and he is interested in it. Sample questions include â€Å"How does your study in the given field contribute to your long-term career?† on social issues and current events, a common question can be, â€Å"What is the most pressing societal problem?†. Another issue may be asked regarding personal achievement for instance, â€Å"describe how you demonstrated leadership ability in your school, community, or work environment.† Not forgetting question on financial need, such as â€Å"from a financial standpoint, what impact would this scholarship have on your education.† However, having knowledge on some of the most common questions gives one an advantage during such applications.† How to End you Essay When concluding a scholarship essay, one needs to make it as best as possible. It needs to summarize the previous accomplishments, what has already been discussed in the article. Also, one should discuss how the scholarship will help in achieving future goals and objectives. For example, the committee needs to know that the money they give will make a change to the students who receive them. Scholarship Essay Template Introduction Who are you? What do you value? Where are you from? Obstacle What has been a significant challenge in your life? How did you overcome this to attend college? Educational and Career Goals What are your current educational goals? What is the purpose of attending college to you? Why did you choose a this-this field of study? How will a scholarship help you achieve your educational goals? What are your long-term career goals? What can/will you do with your degree? How will a scholarship help you achieve your long-term career goal? Native Community What is your community involvement? What extracurricular/volunteer activities do you do? What do you do with your free time? How will your education affect your local community? Conclusion Briefly, summarize your story Restate how a scholarship would help you attain your goals Scholarship Essay Sample The Scholarship Essay Writing Service Looking for someone to go through your scholarship essay to proofread it and check all the mistakes? Someone who will complete your assignment for you? We can take care about your essay, just trust your grades!

Amba week Essay Example

Amba week Essay Example Amba week Essay Amba week Essay Carrys case further details how this organization relied upon feedback from its employees, through surveys and interviews, to develop the new policy change. Since the amendment was imposed job performance and organizational commitment is said to have increased, especially for those employees whom were not regularly taking lunch breaks. This scenario brings to light the specific question of motivation in the work force, and how a company, such as the one mentioned above, can find new ways to motivate their workforce and create increased performance and job commitment. The following report will analyze the impact this specific policy change can have on the overall work environment in the areas of motivation, performance, and com tenement. Scholarly Framework As David Wild (2011) explains in his research brief on the correlation between salary and work place happiness, it is all but a myth that employee satisfaction goes hand in hand with financial compensation. Although individual studies aim to prove that this is true, researchers have done their due diligence in thoroughly assessing the results from 86 previous studies on the subject. They have discovered that although pay may be a motivator for some employees, larger wages do not directly correlate to a satisfied employee base. These researchers went on to compare an increase in wages to that of the short-lived joy of newlyweds, meaning that job satisfaction would only be temporary. These research findings are not an entirely new way of thinking and as Dan Pink explains in his presentation, The Puzzle of Motivation, there is a mismatch between what science knows and what business does (2009). This essentially means that most 21st century genuineness are choosing to ignore the fact that the science of organizational behavior pertaining to motivation is not linked to reward and punishment, or extrinsic motivation, but rather intrinsic. Carols employer is implementing these concepts of intrinsic motivation to better the work environment, but is it really making a difference for employees? Analyze the case chosen Although the policy change is strictly optional, research has shown that breaks taken at work can be beneficial to reducing stress levels for employee (Frizz, Ellis, Demise, Line Gurus, 2013). The key argument presented in ending is that work breaks have measurable effects on employee well-being and performance. However, this research places a great deal of focus on the activities that employees partake in during their work breaks. Meaning if an individual uses this break time to read a book or enjoy a meal, as long as these activities are viewed as relaxing by the partaker, then they will demonstrate increased energy during the work day. This increased energy would then, presumably, correlate to a more productive employee. On the reverse side of the spectrum, if an individual uses their thirty minute break erred to perform a task they find stressful then they would return to their work duties feeling fatigued, and therefore become less productive as the dad goes on. Although the latter is of concern to employers finding ways to help employees actively seek out less stressful actives during the work day would be beneficial to both parties. This is because the more stress an employee experiences on a routine basis, the greater risk they are to become fatigued, experience memory loss and develop coronary heart disease, consequently lowering employee productivity (Colloquial, Lupine, Wesson, 2013). It is important for organizations to realize that when trying to provide a better work place and environment for employees there can always be multiple layers to the issue. Perhaps the focus Of this case study should also be spent on finding ways to reduce the levels of stress workers experience and help them to cope with stresses they cannot eliminate. In order to successfully carry out such a task, managers would have to work with employees to create a list of work hindrance and work challenge stresses that can be addressed. It is possible that management has not been made ware of such issues and if they are able to address these concerns going forward then employees would benefit greatly, particularly if these issues are easy to overcome. This type of analysis would be best conducted on a case by case basis due to the fact that stress is different for everyone. The notion that every individual is unique is not a new concept, yet it is one that should be embraced. The employer being discussed in this case is clear aware of this fact because of their demonstration of flexibility in the meal policy change. Nevertheless, the evidence presented in the analysis portion f this case illustrates that employee breaks are overall constructive to employee motivation and if paired with stress reducing activities, can increase employee productivity and organizational commitment. Recommendations In order to provide employees with an adequate amount of personal time t relax, reflex and re-energize, it is recommended that employees be obligated to take their two 15 minute paid breaks on a daily basis. Management should( implement this policy by making sure that individuals document this time away from work activities through some sort of time clock process. This commendation comes in light of the fact that if it was a common occurrence for employees to skip taking lunch breaks previously, then they are most likely not taking their 15 minutes breaks as well. Employees and managers need to be educated on the benefits associated with embracing these work breaks, as they are meant to help, not hinder, work performance. By taking these few minutes for ones self the employee will be able to come back to the their workstation with a fresh look and positive attitude towards their work. The second recommendation to be discussed is that the organization would offer activities for workers to take part in during their 15 minute breaks. These activities would be geared towards stress relief and could include tasks such as meditation, cardiac, and brain teasers. Those employees interested in partaking in such events on a group level would also be able to do so during a thirty minute meal break if they chose to have one, as these will still be optional. It is recommended that managers reach out to employees for feedback on activities they believe would help to reduce stress. This exercise can also open the lines of communication as to where employees are experiencing stress in their role within the organization. It would be extremely beneficial for management to document such discussions and find ways to assist in eliminating or lessening these stresses. If such a discussion is unable to flow freely, than it is recommend that an anonymous Survey be conducted pertaining to employees and the work hindrance and challenge stresses they are facing. It is all but guaranteed that such issues are prevalent in this case due to the information that has been presented in Carols case scenario. These employees would not be irking overtime on their lunch breaks and then develop a new desire to remain a member of the agency if they were not experiencing some short of stress pertaining to their work (Case Scenario). Therefore, it is crucial that this employer gets to the bottom of the issue or at the very least develops a time management system for employees. It is important that this section of the consulting report end with a discussion on the policy change that originated the overall analysis. Even though research suggests that meal periods are important for employee attestation, the consulting party believes that the employees ability to make these decisions for themselves outweighs the research provided. Ultimately giving employees the freedom to make their own choice on this topic is believed to generate more satisfaction then going back and re-mandating the procedure. It is also important to note that because employees will now be required to take their 15 minute breaks, they will still be able to receive the benefits discussed formerly in the text. Expected outcomes By following the recommendations outlined in this consulting report the aforementioned organization should notice an overall decrease in employee stress and increase in motivation. Employees will learn to balance their work related duties and their inner need to nurture their minds on a personal level. The interventions recommend are designed to make work a more enjoyable place for employees, this will intern promote a higher level Of performance and increased commitment to the workplace. Employees must feel valued in order to grow their skills and breed creativity (Colloquial et al, 2013). Failure to motivate employees will be difficult, because of the fact that these commendations rely heavily on impacting employee stress and overall job satisfaction in a positive way. By taking an inside out approach to the issues presented by this company and its employees, one is able to see that both parties needs will be meant. The initial focus should be on eliminating stress factors for employees, and by developing creative ways to do so the organization will have conquered half the battle. Thus creating a snowball effect that can increase job satisfaction and motivate employees to work harder and develop their skillet. The important focus of this report is that unlocking the key to employee stress is paramount to increasing performance and commitment. The face that this organization is taking such steps to positively affect their employees demonstrates the emotional attachment workers may strengthen or develop towards the organization. Not to mention the fact that the group activities that will be implemented aim to increase overall moral and develop stronger coworker bounds. These relationships will help to increase organizational commitment as well. By now it should be clear that these aspects of an individuals behavior: motivation, tress, job satisfaction, performance, and commitment are intertwined and help to advance one another. But the weak link that must be continually evaluated is employee stress. Now of course there are always exceptions to the rule, the 10 presenters. These individuals will make implementation of even the most rewarding task difficult, but it is important for managers to focus their attention on developing procedures that will work best for the majority of workers. Knowing that they will not be able to please every employee can be difficult for managers to fathom.

Dead Peasant Insurance Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dead Peasant Insurance Policies - Essay Example   Subscribing to a company-owned insurance policy so as to work for them ties the individual to the company in the instance they wanted to move. The peasant policies encourage companies to avoid safety measures in the firm as they know any demise of the employee can turn out to be profitable to them. This is disrespectful to an employee considering people should never be treated as a means to an end as supposed by Kant. If he commented on the situation, he would ask for their ban. Dead peasant policies are beneficial to the bereaved family if the company did not decide to use the money instead of giving to the family. As has been the case with many corporations, most companies take advantage of the fact that very few people know that the policies do exist and that the employee’s family needs to be given the premiums. Also, companies that have insured the individual often decide to write off the premiums denying the family money that actually belongs to them. In other words, these policies are very profitable, but at the same time unjust. If the company does use the money instead of granting it to the employee’s family, then the money does not serve its purpose. Simply put, the policies are unjust. Companies’ idea to have insurance policies for the employees is very beneficial in the working of the firm. The twist comes in when they ‘hide’ these policies such that people do not know they exist. If an employee has been insured and premiums paid, the money that is given to the company by an insurance company if the patient dies is a lot. Some employees have used this as a loophole to fleece people of their money since they do not inform the family of the dead employee that there is no money owed to them.  

Auditing and Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Auditing and Accounting Ethics - Essay Example In addition, in question 4 the responsibility in relation to external and internal audit toward the society has been discussed. Loebbecke A. (2000) stated that auditing has historically been concerned with the faithful and accurate accounting of economic resources. This concern arises from the imperative of maintaining accountability in the presence of agency conflicts between the management and owners of a firm. Over time, this notion of accountability has expanded as interest groups established new standards of performance. The underlying philosophy has, however been remained constant: essentially one of ensuring that accounting records have been kept and verifying compliance with generally accepted accounting principles.1 Hayes, R., Dassen R. , et al, (2005) addressed that the independence is one of the most pivotal traits of being an auditor. Hussy, R., (1999) has elucidated independence as the fundamental principle that the auditor must be, seen to be, independent to enable them to behave with integrity and make objective professional and business judgment. Independence could be of two forms as- According to Hayes, R., Dassen R., et al (2005), independence is potentially affected by self-interest, self-interview, advocacy, familiarity and intimidation threats. To approach of this comment, the threats have been clarified as followed: ‘Self-interest Threat’ occurs when a firm or a member of the assurance team could benefit from a financial interest in, or other self-interest conflict with, an assurance client. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include: Teoh, H. Y. & Lim, C. C. (1996) mentioned that self-interest threat occurs when, (1) any product or judgment of a previous assurance engagement or non-assurance engagement needs to be re-evaluated in reaching conclusions on the assurance engagement, or (2) when a member of the assurance team was previously a director or

Pierre-Auguste Renoir called Dance at Bougival Essay

Pierre-Auguste Renoir called Dance at Bougival - Essay Example The essay "Pierre-Auguste Renoir called Dance at Bougival" discovers the artwork of Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Renoir paints them in such a way as to allow us a glimpse of the emotions that they could be feeling at the time. Everything and everyone in that painting is treated as a back drop to the dancing couple as was the case with many of his paintings at this period of time. This treatment of the other people as background increases the draw of the two central characters, which Renoir has drawn with garments and head gear that immediately separates them from the rest of the painting.This separation is achieved by the use of bright primary colors for the head gear with the lady wearing a red, wide brimmed hat and the gentleman’s face being obscured by a yellow hat with a thinner brim. The use of opposite colors, black for the man and white or off white for the woman, also draws attention to the contrast. The feeling is received by the viewer that all arts have been used in order to ensure that the viewer is immediately drawn into the picture towards the two principal subjects. The setting of the picture in an area that is surrounded by greenery and plants and the use of almost smudged color, such as that which was typically seen in his Impressionist paintings, makes the starkness of the lady’s face even more arresting. The obscuring of the man’s face also ensures that the dancing woman is the principal focus of the picture over all else. The softening of all lines apart from those on the two characters.... This artwork can be classified as a realistic piece of art since the figures that are painted are true to the real characters, but there is still a strong element of Impressionism in the painting. This is particularly noticeable in the use of color in the artwork even though he had acquired inspiration from visitng other areas of the world which altered his style of art from the purely Impressionist. This artwork was painted at a point in time where Renoir had moved a way from the Impressionist movement that he started along with Monet and Sisley. This is where he began to focus more on the central character, in this case two central figures, as in a portrait. This artwork was completed along with two other paintings and this group became known as the dancing series. This painting was set in the least formal setting of the three, adding a feeling of relaxation and enjoyment to the painting. This artwork was intended purely to bring joy and beauty to the world since it has no overt religious or political significance. It is appears to be purely the artist's representation of the two figures that he is watching as they are dancing. This was painted after Renoir returned from a trip abroad that is believed to have altered his style of art and his representation of his subject matter. The painting was produced in 1883 at a point in his career where he was attempting to make a break from the rules that had been imposed on the Impressionist artists. He then began embracing more obvious lines that brought the focus of the viewer more strongly to the principal subject matter. The actual coloring of the painting was also designed to show a greater contrast between the principal subject matter and what was viewed as the backdrop to

Mitigation of Health Risk of Women at Child-Bearing Age

Mitigation of Health Risk of Women at Child-Bearing Age Mitigation of Health Risk of Women at Child-Bearing Age Through Nutritional Patterns – Strategy Assumptions Basic assumptions for above mentioned Research The Research uses the findings of three own epidemiological surveys carried out in 1991, 1993, 2000 on nutritional pattern and nutritional status of pregnant and non-pregnant women at child-bearing age, which contain a lot of representative features on a national scale, for the development of strategy on further research in the surveyed area during second and third decade of 21st century. The findings were used as a inputs for development of preliminary diagnosis of current status and as assumptions for the strategy of modern research on early nutritional health risks of pregnant and non-pregnant women at child-bearing age. The Poland lacks diagnosis that would be based on representative national survey of women population falling into 15-49 age category with the application of all necessary methods used in descriptive, analytical and molecular epidemiology. The diagnosis seems to be indispensable. It was proven that in the last several decades most of nutrients served in the right quantities and proportions strengthen definitely the health condition of woman at child-bearing age and her foetus as well as genome stability. Own surveys of the author in this field are one of the most representative on a national scale in the last several decades. The dataset of 3177 all-day diets coming from three own surveys on nutritional pattern and anthropometric measurements of the nutritional status of non-pregnant women at child-bearing age collected in 1991-2000 and dataset of 1472 all-day diets of pregnant women are the most numerous of all surveys published in the last 25 years. The major lessons drawn from the preliminary diagnosis are as follows: * Substantiation that high percentage (>50.0% of all-day diet dataset) with the energy from total fats (above 35%) is chronic and was found out in each of the carried out surveys both in pregnant and non-pregnant women subpopulations. *It was proven that in the last survey it was accompanied by definite deficiency of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Far higher-than-tolerated (up to 7% of energy from all-day diet) was the share of energy from saturated fatty acids. This enhances unambiguously in the surveyed population a risk of lipid management disturbances, a risk of cardio-vascular system diseases and a risk of diabetes type 2 and obesity. * The sodium intake from all-day diet was proven to be twice as high as Adequate Intake (AI), in predominant number of all-day diets, both in pregnant and non-pregnant women subpopulations. It should be noted that sodium is one of highly significant diet-related risks causing, inter alia, hypertension. *The lower-than-recommended iodine content was found out in the diets (mainly in the diets of pregnant women population), thus enhancing a risk of thyroid gland malfunctions, and in the foetus and infant populations – also physical and mental disorders. *Low iron content was discovered in the diets of pregnant women, which is conducive to enhancement of anaemia risk caused by iron deficiency. It enhances risk of premature birth, low body mass at birth and reduced infant health condition. Iron deficiency during pregnancy reduces its reserves for the foetus and in the first year of life, and also has adverse impact on further development of infant and in subsequent years of life. * For the population of women at child-bearing age evidence was found of lower than adequate intake (AI) from diet, on a population scale: D vitamin, proven by analytical testing, during multi-site clinical tests, published in 2012. The findings also confirm high risk of bone mineral management disorders, development of rickets in children population and growing risk of osteoporosis development in middle aged population. *For non-pregnant and pregnant child-bearing women subpopulations the lower-than-adequate intake (AI) of calcium from diet was discovered, which given specifically low D vitamin content and high phosphorous content in food enhances risk of mineral management disorders, including in particular bone structure, as well as probable increase of obesity prevalence, caused by the deficiency of nutrient in question. During the first decade of 21st century the situation most probably did not change. *Lower-than-adequate intake (AI) from food, on a population scale, was discovered for: dietary fibre, mainly in the diets of non-pregnant women, which by all means enhances the risk of abdominal obesity and diabetes of type 2. *Far lower-than-recommended folates content in the diets of Polish women at child-bearing age was discovered. Additionally in some diets low content of riboflavin, B6 and B12 vitamins was discovered. The folate deficiencies found out in the diets of Polish women enhance a risk of neural tube defects in infant population and they also enhance a risk of genome stability disorders. *Ten nutritional health risks listed above for the population of women at child-bearing age were paralleled by growing prevalence of obesity, mainly in the surveyed women falling into 45+ age category: a percentage of obese women in the 15–44age category rose insignificantly (from6.4% in 1991 to 7.8% in 2000), a percentage of obese women in the 45–49age category declined insignificantly (from21.1% to 20.5%), a percentage of obese women above 50 years of age, also found out in the population surveys in question, rose significantly in statistical terms (from27.7% to 33.9%) (p = 0.074); Prevalence of 3rd degree of obesity in the overall population of adult women rose from 0.2% in 1991 to 0.9% in 2000 (p = 0.001) in the population of 2725 women surveyed in 1991 the obesity was found out in 10.1% of the surveyed, whereas in 2000in the population of 1695 women, in the same age bracket, obesity was found out in a significantly higher (p The presented findings of three surveys carried out in the population of women at child bearing age with the application of only descriptive epidemiology methods, with underrepresentation of samples, with parallel discovery of many flaws in nutritional pattern and nutritional status, give legitimacy to the conduct of a survey, that has not been conducted so far, with the application of descriptive, analytical and molecular methods. The inevitability of such approach to the survey with random sample selection on a nation-wide basis is indicated by the state-of-the-art in the fields of mother and foetus medicine, epigenetics and nutrigenomics. Based on survey findings the following conclusions were drawn: ** The found out, aforementioned most probably prevailing, modifiable, nutritional health and current nutritional status risks in the subpopulations of surveyed non-pregnant and pregnant women at child-bearing age is probably a material dataset of characteristics enhancing a risk of occurrence of homeostasis disorders, threatening the physiological course of pregnancy and the maintenance of health of foetus, infant and child in consecutive decades of her/his life. **Overweight and obesity, with growing prevalence with age, enhances probably in the population of non-pregnant women a risk of chronic, low level inflammation conducive, as shown by the analysis of bibliography, to the occurrence of insulin resistance, diabetes of type 2, damage of blood vessels’ endothelium, development of metabolic syndrome, congenital anomalies, and also through, inter alia, cytokines also probable genome stability disorders. A decisive increase of prevalence of obesity in Poland was recorded mainly in the population of women in the 44+ age category. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population of Polish women at child-bearing population may probably grow in decades to come due to, inter alia, disadvantageous demographic situation and insufficient efficiency of health-oriented changes in lifestyle of this subpopulation of women. Intervention measures applied have to be more effective than to date and they should start, at least, one year before fertilization. **The analysis of current state of knowledge, based on survey findings, on early prevention of diet-related diseases (on a population scale) leads to a fundamental conclusion that molecular epidemiology, using methods applied, inter alia, in functional genomics and in epigenetics, should be introduced to diagnose health condition of women at child-bearing age as a tool with the same value as descriptive and analytical epidemiology methods. The molecular epidemiology investigating, inter alia, the susceptibility of genes to food-related conditions, seems to be an irreplaceable tool in the early diagnosis of health condition of women population described in this monograph. The collected and processed in a complementary fashion survey findings in each of the three disciplines should lay foundations for taking early interventions in the field of preventive measures and early secondary measures counteracting health disorders and diet-related diseases caused by faulty nutritional pattern, in both distinguished physiological conditions. The parallel implementation of measures and methods in the three aforementioned areas, in appropriate proportions, in the field of epidemiological studies on nutritional pattern and nutritional status of surveyed non-pregnant and pregnant women population, in order to strengthen effectively this part of public health system, seems to arouse interest of the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Health or their counterparts in most European Union Members States, and the interest of EFSA. **A number of material detailed findings, from cognitive and application perspectives, is provided in the individual sections of monograph.

The Real King :: essays research papers

Riley B. "B.B." King (guitarist/singer, born September 16, 1925, Itta Bena, MS) The most touching bluesman of our time, and the most influential electric guitarist ever, the "King of the Blues" sums up his message with some simple advice. "I would say to all people, but maybe to young people especially--black and white or whatever color--follow your own feelings and trust them, find out what you want to do and do it, and then practice it every day of your life and keep becoming what you are, despite any hardships and obstacles you meet." So hard to follow yet so good to live by, those words also describe the course of the musician's extraordinary career. The obstacles in his path were many: He was born during the Great Depression in the poorest of American states, the son of black farm laborers. Only talent, hard work, and an unstoppable artistic vision can account for King's journey out of the Mississippi Delta, through the roadhouse joints of the "Chitlin' Circuit" in the South to the legendary Apollo Theater in New York, into the recording studio, to the hearts of millions. Praising his "apparently inexhaustible reserve of creativity," as he presented B.B. King with the National Medal of Arts in 1990, President George Bush hailed the blues musician as a "trailblazer, an authentic pioneer who literally helped shape his art form." Riley B. King (the extra "B" came later and doesn't stand for anything) spent his childhood all over the state of Mississippi. When his parents separated in 1929, the boy went to live with his maternal grandmother in Kilmichael; his mother died when he was nine and, in 1940, B.B. joined his father's new family in Lexington for two years before returning to Kilmichael. He took on farm work in Indianola in 1946 but, after wrecking a tractor, decided his future lay in Memphis, Tennessee. A fan of the bluesman Bukka White, young B.B. looked him up for advice and found himself working as a street corner bluesman in Memphis. In 1948 he worked up the nerve to audition for WDIA, a hillbilly radio station that was about to change its format to cater to the black community. He got the job. He cut his first record in 1949, "Miss Martha King," followed by "Three O'Clock Blues" and "She's Dynamite" in 1951. Both reached Number One in Memphis. By 1955, King decided to put together his own band, and a steady string of hits followed that included "Recession Blues," "Rock Me, Baby," "How

Nicomachean Ethics Essay

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote the Nicomachean Ethics, portraying the significance of studying the realms of ethics and political science. In his work, Aristotle focuses on the theme of how human beings can attain the chief human good—happiness—at which everything aims. Aristotle argues that ethics, the study of moral character, and political science, the branch of knowledge and analysis of political activity and behavior, must be closely studied together in order to fully grasp the meaning of and obtain the good way of life. Aristotle believes that there is only one goal, one ultimate end for every individual—that is eudaimonia, translated as happiness, not as a feeling but happiness as the highest human good or a life full of activity. He claims that a person should live a way of life distinct from the lives of animals, where they only live for the sake of living or pleasure. 1 As human beings, people should use their power of speech to communicate and make rational decisions within a polity, striving to live their lives up to their full potential and to their full capacity for a happy life. 2 The life of politics, the via activa, is thus the key to the chief good or the best life for humans; however, the life of action must be of certain type of quality, in accordance with reason, since different actions may lead to the good or the bad life. In other words, a person’s actions must be in line with arete, with virtue or excellence. 3 Possessing virtue is having the ability to realize the good things, and doing them at the right time and the right way to get things done. Virtues can result to two different ways: a good or bad life. For example, President Lincoln versus Adolph Hitler—both of these men possess the virtue of wisdom, although they have used them disparately, one ending a Civil War in peace and the other manipulating others to killing millions of innocent people. To make it to the good end, Aristotle claims that we must practice virtue by, giving it a certain type of character or ethical quality to our actions. 4 Although human cannot acquire virtue by nature alone, nature allows and gives us the capacity to acquire virtue by learning and through exercising them in our lives. 5 By constantly acting with virtue, we cultivate habituation and ultimately we do not need to be self-controlled to do what is just. Instead, we become accustomed to do what is right willingly and naturally. Activities of good ethics or good moral character are virtues. And so, to best learn and exercise these virtues is by incorporating political science in connection to ethics. Aristotle asserts that the science of politics, the highest master of science combined with many other sciences, must be very well studied, for it is where moral laws are examined and its end, including the ends of other sciences associated with political science, will be the chief human good of all society. 6 Therefore, Aristotle presents the idea that the state must play an important role to aim and shape a society of good citizens, incorporating what the good life is: the life of virtue. 7 The state must look after its citizens morally, creating a type of society that will allow people to have a political life together; consequently, this political life will give them the opportunity and the ability to realize their wide range of capacities and their ideal life. Without the state, humans will not be able to experience the good life, the life of action. They are not self-sufficient enough to work alone, for they need others to be self-sufficient and happy. 8 Having a community will give every individual a chance to experience the struggle within the polity, in which he or she can exercise his or her many virtues, whether it be the ability to be courageous in the face of danger, the ability to make better judgements, or the ability to resist pain in the midst of hard criticism. Consequently, they build up their ethos or character, cultivating them to eventually living a happy life. The life of struggle, of politics, is the life where humans can have the chance to develop their full capacities, abilities, and strengths to overcome many hardships and difficulties. 9 Having a strong state does not achieve full satisfaction; hence, the state must know what eudaimonia is in order to direct and guide its citizens. It is necessary for the state to study and establish what is just and what is ethics. In this way, the state could inculcate what is moral through laws and education. Acquiring the chief good starts at home. Aristotle argues that a good state support an educational system, for a society that promotes morality is the best way of cultivating habituation in young children. 10 Having this strong educational system in the state will successfully encourage parents of each household to train their young children in good principles, abiding by the set of moral laws established in the community; as a result, they will naturally apply their good habits in their daily lives and ultimately gain the perfect virtuous life. Connecting the study of ethics and political science together can bring the whole society into a healthy life of virtue. Ethics is the key in which politics can utilize and produce a good society. By knowing what is righteous and what is ethics, the state can make the ultimate life of happiness possible for its citizens. Political science plays the role of establishing and enforcing good and moral character through an effective system that can guide and habituate every part and class of society. Ultimately, having access to a superfluous life of activity in a way that is in line with reason will let individuals life life to the fullest, of virtue and of happiness.

A Queer Revolution Essays

A Queer Revolution Essays A Queer Revolution Essay A Queer Revolution Essay A Queer Revolution: Reconceptualizing the Debate Over Linguistic Reclamation Robin Brontsema University of Colorado at Boulder The debate over linguistic reclamation, the appropriation of a pejorative epithet by its target(s), is generally conceived of as a simple binary of support and opposition. I offer an alternative conceptualization that shows both the complex contrasts and commonalities within the debate. Specifically, I identify three perspectives: (1) that the term is inseparable from its pejoration and therefore its reclamation is opposed; (2) that it is separable from its pejoration and therefore its reclamation is supported; and (3) that it is inseparable from its pejoration and therefore its reclamation is supported. Additionally, by examining different goals within and across reclamations, I demonstrate the difficulty of assigning a fixed outcome of success or failure. Although the term queer serves as the primary case study, the terms black, nigger, cunt, and dyke supplement and expand the discussion from a specific study of queer to linguistic reclamation in general. 1. Introduction Hate speech intended to disable its target simultaneously enables its very resistance; its injurious power is the same fuel that feeds the fire of its counter-appropriation. Laying claim to the forbidden, the word as weapon is taken up and taken back by those it seeks to shackle- a self-emancipation that defies hegemonic linguistic ownership and the (ab)use of power. Linguistic reclamation, also known as linguistic resignification or reappropriation, refers to the appropriation of a pejorative epithet by its target(s). The linguist Melinda Yuen-Ching Chen offers the following definition: â€Å"The term ‘reclaiming’ refers to an array of theoretical and conventional interpretations of both linguistic and non-linguistic collective acts in which a derogatory sign or signifier is consciously employed by the ‘original’ target of the derogation, often in a positive or oppositional sense† (1998:130). At the heart of linguistic reclamation is the right of self-definition, of forging and naming one’s own existence. Because this self-definition is formed not in one’s own terms but those of another, because it necessarily depends upon the word’s pejoration for its revolutionary resignification, it is never without contestation or controversy. While the controversy over reclamation is generally reduced to a simple binary of support and opposition, I present an alternative conceptualization that accurately represents both the complex contrasts and commonalities within the debate. Additionally, by examining different goals within and across reclamations, I demonstrate the difficulty of assigning a fixed outcome of success or failure. Although queer is the primary case study, the terms black, nigger, cunt, and dyke supplement and expand the discussion from a specific study of queer to linguistic reclamation in general. Colorado Research in Linguistics. June 2004. Volume 17, Issue 1. Boulder: University of Colorado.  © 2004 by Robin Brontsema. 2Colorado Research in Linguistics, Volume 17 (2004) 2. Origins of Queer 2. 1. Non-sexual senses The Second Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (Simpson and Weiner 1989; henceforth OED) identifies queer’s origin as the Middle High German twer, signifying ‘cross’ or ‘oblique,’ and provides several definitions, including the following1: Adjective: 1a. Strange, odd, peculiar, eccentric, in appearance or character. Also, of questionable character, suspicious, dubious. 1b. Of a person (usually a man): homosexual. Hence, of things: pertaining to homosexuals or homosexuality. United States origin) Noun: A (usually male) homosexual. Also in combinations, as queer-bashing, the attacking of homosexuals; hence queer-basher. (Simpson and Weiner 1989: 1014) Queer’s original significations did not denote non-normative sexualities, but rather a general non-normativity separable from sexuality. Only later in its history would sexuality become the overriding denotation. Queer, then, initially could refer to str ange objects, places, experiences, persons, etc. ithout sexual connotations, as in the following literary examples taken from the OED: 1) â€Å"The emperor is in that quer case, that he is not able to bid battle† (Yonge’s Diary of 1621) 2) â€Å"I have heard of many queer Pranks among my Bedfordshire Neighbours† (Richardon’s Pamela of 1742) 3) â€Å"It was a queer fancy but he was a queer subject altogether† (Dicken’s Barnaby Rudge of 1840) (Simpson and Weiner 1989: 1014) 2. 2. Sexual senses Queer eventually did become associated almost exclusively with non-normative sexuality, an association which has persisted to the present. In contrast to its contemporary usage among queer theorists and self-identified queers (yet similar to its usage in the mass media), by the early 20th century, queer as sexually non-normative was restricted almost exclusively to male homosexual practices, as in the following example from the U. S. Children’s Bureau’s Practical Value of Scientific Study of Juvenile Delinquents of 1922: â€Å"A young man, easily ascertainable to be unusually fine in other characteristics, is probably ‘queer’ in sex tendency† (Simspon and Weiner 1989: 1014). As George Chauncey demonstrates in an examination of terms of self-reference of male homosexuals in New York prior to the Second World War, queer co-existed with fairy in the 1910s and 1920s to refer to â€Å"homosexuals† (1994: 15-16). Far from being synonyms, however, they carried extremely different in-group connotations. Differing from queers in their deviant gender status, fairies referred to effeminate, flamboyant males sexually involved with other men. Queers, in contrast, were more masculine men 1. For greater clarity, I have condensed the definitions and changed the original formatting. A Queer Revolution3 ho were sexually involved with other men and who generally shunned, even detested, the woman-like behavior of fairies. â€Å"The men who identified themselves as part of a distinct category of men primarily on the basis of their homosexual interest rather than their womanlike gender status usually called themselves queer† (Chauncey 1994: 16). Furthermore, the fairy-queer distinction was not based solely on gender, but on class as well: most queers were men from the middle class who potentially risked more in their professional lives were they to display the femininity typical of fairies (Chauncey 1994: 106). Because the effeminate fairies’ gender deviance was highly marked and visible, they served as the stereotypical representation of all homosexual men, although there were probably more masculine homosexuals passing as their heterosexual counterparts. Heterosexuals used queer and fairy interchangeably and without distinction, thereby homogenizing all men who engaged in sexual activity with other men, regardless of their degree of femininity/masculinity or self-identification (Chauncey 1994: 15). Homosexuals’ well-defined system of gender classification and the significant

The Electronic Hallway Snow Removal

The Electronic Hallway Snow Removal This case study focuses on the public admistration and issues covered in this case study were centered on the snow removal activity within the city and the fact that all residents in the city deserved equal treatment from the public offices no one place was more important than the other. As observed regularly snow storms have paralyzed the everyday activities in many states.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Electronic Hallway: Snow Removal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Snow removal is an activity that is mandated on the local authority administration, whereby as the bylaws dictate, the City council has an obligation to provide the services efficiently without bias to all residents of the city. However in carrying out its obligations, the Manhattan public authority, which was in charge of the exercise failed to do so in a number of ways (Cheshire 1997). First as indicated above, the Authority failed to prov ide services equally to all residents according to Le May (2006), a public Authority ought to carry out its mandate without bias to the public, however the administration failed to do this whereby, in reference to the â€Å"electronic hallway case study on snow removal†, the theory of public administrations is to give and provide equal services to all citizens and residents affected by the snow storm, but the practice is that some parts of the city are favored and given preferential service while the rest of the city is left to suffer and the citizens are left and forced to fend for themselves. Thus as the case study indicates, Manhattan was highly favored during the snow removal exercise at the expense of the whole city. As a result of this biasness, the residents of the other cities, Queens, Brooklyn, the Bronx, and Staten Island accused Mayor John Lindsay for misusing the city’s snow removal reserves and showing preferential treatment towards Manhattan at the cost o f the rest of the city. Personnel Administration and Unionism in Public Administration Apart from that where the city local administration displayed open bias, there are other issues that touch on Personnel Administration the Public body undertook various activities that were in contradiction to personnel administration these include: less staff which resulted to in adequate labor to tackle the snow removal process however the city administration resulted to hiring more personnel after an outcry fry various stake holders so as to have enough personnel to fight the snow. Another issue was that the snow removal equipment was also always breaking down but it was proposed that more mechanical staff to be hired to keep the equipment in use in perfect condition for such situations.Advertising Looking for assessment on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, the snow removal equipment was not eno ugh for the whole city so more equipment was suggested to be bought, and hiring of private owned snow removing equipment when an urgent situation concerning snow arose. This was however solved as the Mayor and the relevant authority authorized for the purchase of more equipments hence showing according to Le May (2006) that public administration bodies should be autonomous in order to deliver its services and mandate without external political, economical and social pressures, nevertheless, they should a Bureaucratic process that ensures that services are delivered without bias or exploited by corrupt individuals in the administration. The actors who were concerned in this activity were the public administrators who were supposed to carry out the snow removal activity in the whole of the city. The city Mayor was to make sure that all the city residents got equal attention and service by the service providers. Some city residents were affected by the snow storm and could not get to t heir respective places of work or school. The personal forces in this case study include the decisions the mayor made that showed prejudice to the rest of the city as only Manhattan was being serviced. The fact that most of the snow removal equipment was faulty and there was less personnel working shows that this was a personal force on the mayors side and also the employees themselves in that the equipment was not serviced regularly so that it could perform the work it was supposed to without problems on the employees side some of them could not make to work as the snow hindered their way. From the above there are various public administration concepts that the Administration failed to address when carrying out its mandate in the city. First, the administration failed to balance its values according to importance and preference as needed by any public body, instead in undertook activities like removing snow in some cities while totally neglecting the other areas which were in dire need of the same services (Le May 1996). Also when it comes to balancing of values in the administration of the city, from the case study, one can note that, the city is divided into three sections that are primary, secondary and tertiary that is attended to in terms of priority. Primary and secondary sections are intended to allow police station, fire station and hospital vehicles to proceed to at least one or two blocks of an emergency in a tertiary street.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Electronic Hallway: Snow Removal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The theoretical perspectives that help us to understand what happened in the case are the carrying out a research on the city’s ability in such a snow crisis was carried out to categorize and eradicate the main weaknesses in snow removal program. The use of the US Weather Bureau statistics showing the patterns and amount of average snow fall, statis tics on snow build up rates, the precedence plan invented to clear out major streets first. According to exhibit 5 the primary streets are the ones that are regarded as major traffic arteries, or highways, parkways, expressways, drives or bridges: feeder roads to bridges, tunnels, ferries, airports, bus routes, all street with areas which have food, treatment, amusement, shopping, streets with important facilities like police and fire stations, fuel stations and transport terminals. Secondary streets are regarded to have convincingly traffic example: all alternative routes to primary streets, major shopping streets, access streets to industrial or commercial areas. Tertiary streets on the other hand are all the other streets not covered by the primary and secondary streets. According to the United States National Research Council (1999), the case discloses that the Department of Sanitation assesses its snow removal path yearly, making notes of changes in routes of buses, directions of streets and major changes in the areas so as to facilitate effective snow removal mechanisms when need arises. The assessment facilitates for effective snow removal and disposal activities and problems that may arise for each district since each district has its own planned program for spreading salt, plowing and hauling snow. Snow removal is much easier on weekends as compared to weekdays. During weekends traffic is light and this allows snow vehicles to easily penetrate the streets to clear the snow. Parked cars however bring about a hindrance when it comes to the removal of snow from the streets as these vehicles are heavy and they can hit a parked car as they are turning so employees who operate the snow removal machinery are instructed not to penetrate in streets where parked cars could bring about a problem.Advertising Looking for assessment on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The snowplowing activity is however the last resort when it comes to snow removing in the city. According to the case, a total of 1,760 collection and flusher trucks with plow blades attached on them can be used to clear snow from path of moving traffic, bus stops, at intersections and near fire hydrants. Snowplowing is carried out according to precedence levels of streets apart from an emergency call in the case of police, ambulance or fire as these emergencies take priority over everything else. Snow plows work efficiently in snow that is about eight inches deep, if the snow is mainly thick, then the plow may not be able to move. Traffic affects the speed of the plow, at rush hour; the plow is generally slower when compared to the times of the day when there is no rush. In reference to the case, snow removal equipment is examined in September to pinpoint the areas that need repairs, these repairs are then carried out in later in the month and the equipment is tested in November. D uring these tests, the equipment is scrutinized at frequent intervals of the snow removal activity to determine whether the equipment is alright and can perform well during the snow removing activity. Vehicle failures are however associated with vehicular age and storm duration as compared to equipment maintenance. A spreader lasts between ten to fifteen years and their damages are usually minor that do not require a lot of time to fix. According to the case, the Department of Sanitation has over 9,000 employees who can run the 2,800 department’s snow removal apparatus. This department also offers services for whole inhabited city all year round. The Sanitation Department makes sure that it is ready for snow fighting operations by: employing mechanics on September 15th in all garages on a snow contract basis to service and ensure that the snow removing machines are in good shape and that they will not breakdown quickly, the swapping of employees and equipment from day to day and night waste collection on the 15th of November, an analysis by sanitation district supervisors of each district by 15th November, the analysis is to ensure that there are enough workers working on each shift, to ask other city departments to supply additional workers top carry out activities including snow removing mainly, hauling snow, training to employees from other city departments about the duties of their assignments. The employees during the winter period have three shifts in which they can work, from 8am to 4pm 1500 employees working, 4pm to midnight 900 employees, 12 midnight to 8am nearly 300 employees on duty. On Sunday there are about 300 employees on duty from midnight to 4pm on Sunday between 12am and 8am there are no employees on duty at 8am on Monday all employees return to their assigned duties. During a storm or in anticipation of a storm the Department of sanitation chooses from the following three options; to depend on the employees that are on duty that part icular time, to prolong the shift on duty at that certain time or to call in additional employees. Such decisions rely solely on the weather forecast for the day. Communication for the snow removing exercise is advanced and there is a hotline that is directly connected to the U.S. Weather Bureau’s New York forecaster that is used for relaying information between the two organizations at frequently, any signs storms are relayed across as soon as they are spotted. On top of this the Sanitation Department has eighteen weather surveillance stations on the city’s outskirts from which the beginning of precipitation, depth of snow, temperature rates, and speed of buildup of snow are relayed every half an hour to the Headquarters. In reference to the case the Chief of Operations is in charge of the decisions and operations carried out to combat the situation. When a storm occurs the department under the orders of the Chief of Operations, informs the districts supervisors and t heir respective offices and officers through a teletype alert system. A forecast of two or three inches receives the same amount of primary action as a serious blizzard until weather forecasts predict changes in the weather conditions, furthermore the department is on duty twenty four hours a day. As the snow storm worsens chosen commands from previous storms are used to ease the current situation. The nature of the policy system and the policy making process in snow removal exercise is dependent on previous snow storms and the depth of the snow. The depth of the snow determines which procedure is to be used when removing the snow from the city. Preparation of the snow removal activities depends on the weather forecast predictions and the mechanical state of the vehicles and equipment’s to be used in the procedure not forgetting the man power needed to operate and service the machinery needed. According to the case, the administrative ethics were not carried out as expected a s majority of the city dwellers raised complaints about the mayor giving orders that favored Manhattan at the expense of the whole city. All city dwellers should be given equal treatment as the snow affects all and not just one part of the city. The city dwellers have accepted the method of dividing the city into districts and streets so that each area may get the same service as the other despite the economic differences that may be imminent. This division should ease the clearing of snow and make the process go smoothly without mishaps such as preferential treatment. The administrative ethics in this case is questioned. Public offices are meant to serve and provide service to the public without any strings attached or discrimination towards one part of the people the office is meant to be giving service to, unlike in this case where services are offered unequally. Therefore, case study highlights various public administration concepts are parting efficient running of public admini stration. As indicated the department of sanitation failed in a number of concepts which were supposed to be used especially in removal of snow. The mayor for instance failed to balance the needs of the city by undertaking to remove snow from one city while ignoring the others due to political and economic values as he was facing a re-election. In addition, him being a public official, he acted unethically due to his selfish decisions hence making the whole snow removal process a political issue. Nevertheless, the public administration bodies should be allowed to run independently as seen in this case study whereby the department has categorized how the process should be carried out and even zoned the areas. Due to this automy the department can effectively address issues as they arise without following the rigorous and bureaucratic channels that are stipulated. For instance in cases of emergencies, the department can prefer to remove snow from a place that was classified as a low p riority area hence enabling swift delivery of services (LeMay, 2006). In addition the department has adopted effective public administration mechanisms whereby they undertake to hire personnel and snow removal machines during the winter period. By so doing, the department will be increasing the manpower required to tackle this issues on a need to need basis while at the same time cutting down on the expenses that would have been incurred during the non- snow periods. This also in-cooperates the concept of decision making process of the department. As indicated by the case study, during the snow periods the department undertakes decision on how to tackle the snow removal process using a certain process which is all subject to the budget available. Thus to be able to make wise decisions, the department relies on various other departments and professionals to come up with a final decision that takes care of all issues for example relying on the metrological department to come up with a precise chart on the weather patterns. Another important concept is the communication system that is in place in the department. It is noted that â€Å"the Department of Sanitation has an elaborate communications network for updating forecasts, mobilizing resources, and reporting on snow conditions. The Department maintains close liaison with the U.S. Weather Bureaus New York forecaster on a telephone hot line established between the two agencies during the snow season. This line is used for obtaining weather information at regular intervals, and storm warnings are transmitted on it as soon as they are foreseen and/or develop.† Also the department takes into consideration clientele pressure and government policy that are in place. For instance, during the bias removal of snow in Manhattan while sideling other cities resulted in a public outcry that resulted in the Mayor acting fairly and delivering services to all. Also there was pressure from other stakeholders who were req uesting the department to hire new members of staff and work all around during winter and also for the purchase of new equipments to tackle the snow removal and sanitation in the area References Chesire, L. (1997) How Snow Shovel, will Travel. All About Snow. Retrieved from: https://nsidc.org/ LeMay, C. (1996). The Electronic Hallway: Snow Removal. Hallway.org. Retrieved from https://www.hallway.org/ LeMay, M.C. (2006) Public Administration: Clashing Values in the Administration for Public Policy. New York: Cengage Learning. United States National Research Council (1999). Winter Maintenance Technology and Practices-Learning from Abroad. United States National Research Council. Retrieved from: https://international.fhwa.dot.gov/Pdfs/RsrchrResultsDigest.pdf

Describe and discuss the Ebers medical papyrus and the Edwin Smith Research Paper

Describe and discuss the Ebers medical papyrus and the Edwin Smith papyrus. When and how were they found What do they contain - Research Paper Example The main study of these papyri was conducted in Berlin in the year between1954-1973 (Atta and Hussein 123). The Ebers papyrus has haphazard collection of medical texts which are organized in paragraphs which are arranged in blocks and thus addressing specific medical conditions. It contains the most voluminous medical record of the ancient Egypt known. The proof that diseases healed from magical spells, were not available in the papyrus. Issues regarding the supernatural intervention in relation to treatment and diagnosis are highlighted in paragraphs (David and Rosalie 124). Diseases discussed by the Ebers papyrus include; disease of the stomach such as intestinal parasites, anus diseases, skin diseases, head diseases, treatment of migraines, flow of urine, hair, flesh wounds and burns and extremities of the disorders (Bonn and Kitty 45). From the Edwin Smith Papyrus, we are able to point out that, they were able to treat fractured and dislocated bones. From this again we find out t hat they too treated dislocated bones and performed minor surgical procedures. On the same note, they were able to treat diseases in physical manner. However, alongside this physical treatment, they accompanied it with spiritual practices. According, to Edwin Smith Papyrus, much of the treatment involved crushing and mixing of herbs. Diseases addressed by Edwin Smith Papyrus include: tongue diseases, conditions related to dermatology, dental diseases, ear diseases, throat and nose diseases and gynecological disorders. There are also discussions regarding the diagnosis of pregnancy, treatment of tumors, trachoma, birth control and fractures (David and Rosalie 89). About seven hundred magical formulas their remedies are also contained. The papyrus notes that the heart serves as the centre of the supply of blood with the attachment of vessels to other parts of the body. Seemingly the Egyptians did know little about the kidneys and assumed the heart to be the meeting point vessels carry ing body fluids such as blood, urine, tears, and sperm. The chapter known as the Book of Hearts gives details about the mental disorders. Dementia and depression are equally covered (Haas 90). The Ancient Egyptians, like the Ancient Greeks and the Romans, have provided modern historians with grounded knowledge and evidence towards medicine and sufficient knowledge on the medical field. This evidence is particularly based on the many papyrus found in the archaeological sites. This is like in the history of man, where some of these beliefs of the Egyptians were based; myths and legends. This should not however, be disputed with the increase of knowledge of the Egyptian people who exceedingly grew in human anatomy and plain commonsense. In the Ancient Egypt the treatment of illness was no longer carried out by the common magicians and medicine men, because knowledge of diseases and their curing method had already developed. This is supported by the archaeological evidences available in the papyri (refers to physicians and doctors). This is particularly amazing, in that there are archaeological digs that have added more evidence of men titled as physicians. This means that all the knowledge about the Ancient Egypt medicine comes from the discoveries of papyrus documents. Most of these papyrus documents have come from the era of 1900 BC and 1500 BC (White and Renee 45-67). This is the evidence to the common

Proposal - short online course to training the faculty member how they Research

- short online course to training the faculty member how they can manage their online class - Research Proposal Example Indeed, in the current environment of advancing technology, online training hugely facilitates development of critical skills and knowledge. It provides a more innovative approach to education and acquisition of knowledge that can be adjusted to suit the needs and requirements of individuals. The role of faculty in online classes becomes important element of the success of the same. The proposal is for short training program for the faculty members of online courses so as to equip them with necessary skills to manage their online classes with high degree of efficiency 2. Problem statement The online training courses are major elements of constant learning environment that incorporates the demands of changing business compulsions. The online courses are distinct in their teaching methodologies that rely on digital communication vis-a-vis online conferencing techniques, email etc. The electronic interaction is much different to classroom communication. It requires multifunctional capab ilities that incorporate pedagogical skills like: effective learning processes that can be easily grasped by learners; creating comfortable learning environment; skills to resolve technical issues; and administrative knowledge that can explain the course logistics (Sargeant et al., 2006). Very often, the faculty members of online courses are not trained appropriately in the modalities of online classes. The working population and adult learners are therefore not able to exploit the vast potential of the same. Most importantly, the spatial features of learning environment and medium are crucial factors that influence the learning process. In online courses, the multimedia becomes the key component that is exploited judiciously by the teacher to make course curricula interesting, powerful and highly motivating (Sims, 2003). The efficacy of online teaching is considerably increased when teaching skills are integrated judiciously with managerial skills and use of technology. As such, it becomes essential to impart training to the faculty members to make them more effective online teachers. 3. Objectives 1. One week training course on management skills as required for online courses to equip them with the methodologies of electronic communication techniques. 2. To make online classes more effective and motivating. 3. Managing workload of teaching online. 4. Program description/ design framework The design framework of course is important for increasing the core competencies of the participants and equipping them with skills that add value to their knowledge and teaching skills. The various approaches to instructional designs offer effective teaching under different environment and medium of instructions. The training program would use ADDIE framework or Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation structure. Its stepwise approach helps the teachers to develop easy and iterative instructions which can be applied to real life situations, thus making t hem hugely relevant to the learners (Peterson, 2003). The ADDIE design process promotes active participation of the learners that exploits tacit knowledge of the learners and helps them apply critical thinking to resolve problems or look at problems from wider perspectives of creative advantages (Tee & Karney, 2010). The five stages are described as below: 4.1a. Analysis This part of the program is intended to identify and evaluate the needs of the learners so